What is the implication of choosing an incorrect pipe size in pressure systems?

Choosing an incorrect pipe size in pressure systems can have significant operational implications, primarily resulting in inadequate flow rates, excessive pressure drops, and potential system failures. When the pipe size is too small for the required flow, it restricts the movement of the fluid, which can lead to insufficient delivery of the fluid to the needed points in a system. This inadequate flow can create pressure imbalances that affect the overall functionality of the system.

Moreover, a smaller diameter can increase fluid velocity, which in turn raises friction losses, further exacerbating pressure drops. If the pressure drop is exceedingly high, it can cause various issues, such as cavitation in pumps, inefficient operation, and even damage to the piping system over time. Conversely, choosing a pipe that is too large can also lead to issues, but it typically does not cause failures in the same immediate way as undersized pipes might. Hence, selecting the correct pipe size is crucial for maintaining efficient, reliable, and safe operation in pressure piping systems.